Fundamental rights are recognized and protected through a multiplicity of national and international norms and jurisdictions. This situation of concurrency of norms and courts has created a model of multi-level protection of fundamental rights, raising several relevant legal problems. The practical effects of these problems deserve to be the object of in-depth study, due to their complexity, novelty and importance. In particular, this model allows a varied content and scope to be assigned to fundamental rights in different States and under different jurisdictions. Within the framework of the federal or pluralist constitution, it hardly appears to prompt special reservations, as it constitutes a means of maintaining and respecting the different national sensitivities. The inverse should not, however, be forgotten (the shadow side of this model of multi-level protection in such a peculiar yet essential matter): on the one hand, it clashes with the universal character of fundamental rights, and, on the other, it generates legal insecurity and inequality in the juridical-constitutional status of national citizens according to the State or jurisdiction that may apply these rights.