Health is central to all our lives, so too is technology. This collected set of essays brings both together, and analyses them from the perspective of European law. It is however in accord with the very nature of the subject matter that European law in this context connotes not just EU law, but also the Council of Europe, the OECD, the World Health Organization, and the European Patent Office. The cross-jurisdictional focus thus befits the nature of the subject matter, which defies pigeon holing into ‘the national’ or ‘the European’, where the latter is composed solely of EU law. Regulations emanating from the EU thus provide part of the story, but only part, and the overall picture is complemented by initiatives from the other European and international organizations that impact on this important area. This collection is moreover of interest and value because it demonstrates multi-level governance in action within a particular sectoral area, shaped by a plethora of interinstitutional relationships, and reveals also the interplay of different cultural values within the overarching frame of constitutional pluralism. The edited collection has four parts, the first of which sets the scene through three chapters, which deal respectively with the defining features of the EU’s approach to regulation of new health technologies; the Council of Europe, human rights, and regulation of new technologies; and a chapter that maps the science and technology that underpins subsequent discussion. Part two addresses European legal approaches to new health technologies, through the medium of case studies on particular issues that have more general relevance for the overall project. To this end there are chapters on innovative tissue engineering, ‘orphan’ medicines, patent law, and product liability law, with the aim of highlighting problems, deficiencies, and challenges within the existing system.