This book is devoted to exploring an age-old problem which touches upon people’s lives and requires constant deliberation: the necessity of limiting State power to protect individuals, including non-citizens. Accordingly, it is important to recognize human rights which exist prior to the state. These pre-political or natural rights lie beyond the siren song of sovereignty and are not negotiable whether through legislation, executive power (or otherwise). Protecting these rights, as conceived in law, avoids allowing the excessive exercise of State power, a power which is otherwise neither limited nor restrained. In countering terrorism, the State is not allowed to exercise unrestrained power. It may not rely on a supposed national or popular sovereignty or even on the legitimacy of the democratic process. While establishing limits on State power and lawmaking may not completely resolve the complex relationship between national security and the protection of fundamental rights, it may moderate the State’s often excessive utilitarian approach which, focusing more on the quantum than on quod , ignores the pre-political dimension of human rights and trivializes – if not ignores – the dignity of each human being, leaving him/her unprotected from the absolute power of Leviathan.