This book is a result of research supervised by Professor Dr. Stephan Hobe, LL.M. (McGill), chair of Public International Law, European Law, and European and International Economic Law and managing director of the International Investment Law Centre at the University of Cologne, Germany (http://www.iilcc.uni-koeln.de), between January 2012 and September 2015. This volume includes research undertaken in Brisbane and Canberra, Australia, specifically at the University of Queensland, Brisbane; Donezk and Lugansk, Ukraine; Johannesburg and Cape Town, South Africa, specifically at the Mining INDABA and the University of Cape Town; Bogota and Medellin, Colombia, specifically at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia; and at the International Investment Law Centre of the University of Cologne, Germany. I owe my special gratitude to my father, Rainer R€oder, for being such a constant source of motivation to me to finish this project. I owe my gratitude to Stephan Hobe for his quick and candid responses to my questions and him and Marc Bungenberg for allowing me to present at the International Conference on Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources in January 2013, which assessed the evolution of the principle of permanent sovereignty over natural resources into a principle of customary international law, as well as related developments of the UN General Assembly resolution 1803 (XVII) on the principle of Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources. This helped me to frame my thinking, introduced me to an academic environment of researchers interested in a similar academic realm, and provided an early milestone for this thesis. To Joern Griebel of the International Investment Law Centre Cologne, for his insights and help with the academic resources of the International Investment Law Centre, and Burkhard Sch€obener of the University of Cologne, Germany, for his suggestions for the future study of International Mining Investment Law. To Tillmann Rudolf Braun of the Federal Ministry of Economics and Energy of Germany, for supervising my first internship in the field of foreign direct investments and his dedication to the cause that inspired me.