It is difficult to ignore the extent to which American corporations have grown
economically over the last 100 years. They have penetrated global markets and
consequently provide goods and services to even the most remote parts of the
world. Markets in isolated West African villages sell Coca-Cola products; university
students in Istanbul meet up in McDonald’s restaurants; enormous billboards
advertize American products in Moscow’s Red Square. How has the American
corporation grown to such proportions? How have American entrepreneurs developed
products with such a global reach?
An entire literature exists to explain the economic successes and failures
of nations by looking at their institutions—both formal (e.g., laws) and informal
(e.g., cultural practices and beliefs). Scholars within the new institutional economics
have placed special emphasis on legal systems as predictors of the economic
success of nations. These scholars argue that the degree to which laws provide
entrepreneurs with a favorable trade environment largely influences the extent to
which businesses are able to flourish.