Arizona is one of the fastest growing Latino immigrant destinations in the United
States. Within the last five years, a series of responses by Arizonans intending to
make life for unauthorized immigrants increasingly impossible have been implemented
at the state and local level. The number of vigilante organizations along
the border, anti-immigrant policies and targeting for deportation activities by
local police have increasingly risen. In 2010, then Arizona state senator Russell
Pearce maintained that the federal government had been hampering the immigration
enforcement actions of police. Therefore, he introduced the “Support Our
Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act.” Better known as SB 1070, the
policy allows police officers in Arizona to arrest unauthorized immigrants under
the state’s trespassing law. The law also gives officers the latitude to question and
detain those that may appear suspicious. For many, this means those that look
Latino. Under the State's statute, immigrants can also be criminalized for their
mere presence in Arizona, the law makes it a crime for an unauthorized immigrant
to seek or engage in work. Furthermore, the policy also allows officers to arrest
someone without warrant if there is probable cause. And it makes it a state crime if
a legal immigrant does not carry identification.
On April 23, 2010, the governor signed SB 1070 into law, generating a number
of immensely complex issues at the state, national, and international levels. The
measure has affected an already problematic U.S.–Mexico, bi-national relationship
at a time of increased security cooperation between the two countries.
Furthermore, the President of Mexico criticized the law, issuing a travel advisory.
Trade between Arizona and Mexico has been reduced. Elected officials across the
country called for a variety of economic boycotts and campaigns that would discourage
the full implementation of the law. Over 15 major cities have ended business
contracts with Arizona. And the state tourism industry lost almost one-billion
dollars in less than 6 months as a result of this policy.