This research has been made possible by the South African-German Centre for Transnational Criminal Justice, supported by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) with funds from the Federal Foreign Office of Germany. The Centre is based on cooperation between Humboldt University of Berlin and University of the Western Cape (UWC). I would like to thank Professor Gerhard Werle of Humboldt University and a director of the South African-German Centre, for supervising my work, giving invaluable intellectual input and practical advice throughout the process. I am also very grateful for the support he gave enabling me to have a two-year stay in Germany, carrying out my research at the Humboldt University, which proved to be very crucial for my research. I would also like to thank Professor Lovell Fernandez of the University of the Western Cape for the general support he has given me as a director of the Criminal Justice programme. I am deeply indebted to Dr. Moritz Vormbaum and Victor Manuel Macias Caro who both played a crucial role in helping me with the comparative study on civil law jurisdictions. Dr. Vormbaum particularly helped with my study of German Law, especially with the translations and references, and offered some sound advice on my work on the International Tribunals. Victor Manuel Macias Caro was essential to my work on Spanish and Italian Law, helping with the much needed translation and giving critical comments. I am also grateful to Dr. Chantal Meloni and Professor Emanuela Fronza for their contribution to Italian Law and Dr. Nicolas Bertrand’s contribution to my work on French Law. For their editorial support I would like to thank Dr. Paul Bornkamm and Sosteness Materu. I am also grateful to my colleague Charity Wibabara for her critical comments on certain aspects of my work. I am very grateful to the German Academic Exchange Service and the Federal Foreign Office of Germany for their generous financial support of my entire study duration in both South Africa and Germany.