THIS BOOK OWES MANY debts. I am deeply grateful to David McBride at Oxford University Press, who supported this project from the outset and shepherded it through publication. I am also indebted to Bruce Ackerman, Benjamin Barton, and Robert Gordon for their insightful comments, and to Aaron Henson for his excellent research. The staff of the Stanford Law library provided invaluable reference assistance: Paul Lomio, Sonia Moss, Rich Porter, Rachael Samberg, Sergio Stone, George Vizvary, Erika Wayne, and George Wilson. My greatest debt is to my husband, Ralph Cavanagh, whose support and guidance made this book possible.