When the Chartists demanded universal suffrage for the British people in 1839, they also proposed the use of voting machines. The advance in voting technology since that early proposal has been extraordinary. Today, various forms of electronic voting technology are routinely used in the casting or counting of votes in several of the world’s largest democracies, and many more countries are using such technology on a smaller scale. The technology used to count votes is rarely a major subject of public debate except after close elections. This was the case after the 2000 election in the United States, and after the elections of 2004 and 2013 in Venezuela, both of which are discussed here. The court cases following these and other elections are fascinating, but in many cases, the most telling lessons arise not from what the courts have decided, but from the evidence the courts ignored or overlooked. The use of technology in elections is a fascinating example of the interaction between technology and public policy. How the law responds to advances in technology is worthy of study, and here, we see examples of a variety of responses. In most of the countries discussed here, technology has been the driving force, while the courts and legislatures have acted only in response to technological change. The chapters on Argentina and France are noteworthy illustrations, but most of the countries discussed here fit this pattern. The legal landscape surrounding electronic voting is quite varied. In some countries, a uniform voting system is used nationwide. Brazil and India are noteworthy examples discussed here. In other places, there is considerable local autonomy, with a variety of different systems in use. Argentina, France, Switzerland and the United States are notable examples. In the United States, mechanical voting machines were used to count the majority of the votes cast 90 years ago, and almost all of the votes cast today are counted electronically. The precedents set by the use of mechanical voting machines have also played a role in France and Germany. In contrast, Australia and Austria have been very conservative, making only limited and comparatively recent use of electronic voting.