Structural discrimination is increasingly being debated in different disciplines. International courts and other international actors, too, have started drawing attention to pre-existing social structures and inequalities when addressing and redressing human rights violations. However, so far, academic legal research has paid little attention to this gentle turn in international human rights law and practice. This study addresses this gap by providing a systematic analysis of how international (human rights) law responds to violence against women because of structural discrimination against them. More precisely, it analyzes whether the subjective dimension of the prohibition to discriminate may be used to combat structural discrimination through proceedings before international human rights courts. This book was prepared as a PhD thesis during my time as a research associate at the law faculty of the University of Potsdam (Germany) and defended in March 2018. It considers legal developments, jurisdiction and literature that have been published until March 2017. The study is the result of several years of research, adventure, personal challenges and human encounters. I therefore offer my gratitude to many colleagues, friends and family members.