We would like to thank the authors who have given their scarce time to this project. It has been a large volume to bring to fruition, and without their strong contributions it simply would not have been possible. We thank the international human rights law students at the University of Essex who assisted signifi cantly with the large task of preparing and editing this volume. This included Alex Moorehead, Alice Lixi, Ronnate Asirwatham, Christina Beninger, Francesca Tronco Garc?a, Shannon Gough, Lucy Graham, Ota Hlinomaz, Adeyinka Ige, Douglas Kerr, Charlotte Pier, Leah Mansfi eld, Marina Themistocleous, Isaline Wittorski, and Ashirbani Dutta. The team at Routledge, including Mark Sapwell, were very patient and helpful along the way, as was Refi neCatch the copyeditors. Scott would also like to thank Haidi for her constant love and support, along with my mother, and Valentino and Leo. Nigel, as always, is deeply indebted for the unstinting contribution of Dr Lyn Rodley, his sternest critic and acutest editor.