The scope of rules that regulate international trade expanded significantly with the emergence of the present international trading system following the conclusion of the Uruguay Round of trade negotiations in 1995 that led to the creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO). TheWTO is an organization that seeks to implement a rules-based, open trading system. A rules-based system is one that offers predictability in terms of the regulatory framework within which trade takes place. Maintaining a predictable trading environment in turn requires transparency and rule of law. Within theWTO system, transparency is achievedmainly through the peer review of the notification obligations contained in the WTO Agreement and the rule of law through the dispute settlement mechanism. Since 1995 WTO dispute settlement has proved most helpful in resolving trade disputes between WTO members and thereby providing the security and predictability needed to ensure a well-functioning international trading system. This mechanism has received extensive attention in academia and in government circles. However, in today’s highly complex world, the WTO alone cannot tackle all the legal issues that arise from the implementation of its many different agreements, each dealing with a different aspect of international trade. There is a great deal that governments which are WTO members can do at the domestic level which may contribute to the common ultimate objective: creating as seamless and as predictable as possible an environment in which commercial entities can conduct their commerce. Thus, the involvement of domestic courts in the resolution of legal disputes affecting international trade is an important element of providing the ideal rules-based trading environment.